Railroad-tie and fastening



' J. L. CHAPMAN. RAILROAD TIE AND FASTENING.

(No Model.)

No. 486,628. Patented Nov; 22, 1892.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH L. CHAPMAN, OF HADDONFIELD, NEW' JERSEY.

RAILROAD-TIE AND FASTENING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 486,628, dated November22, 1892.

Application filed December 23, 1891. Serial No. 415.968. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOSEPH L. CHAPMAN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Haddonfield, in the county of Camden and State of NewJersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inRailroad-Ties and in the Mode of Securing the Rails to the Ties; and Ido declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description ofthe invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same, reference beinghad to theaccompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon,which form a part of this specification.

The objects of my invention are, first, to construct a tie of such formas to keep it firmly in position after the dirt has been placed aroundit, preventing it from moving or creeping and to allow it to be castwithout cores; second, to provide a recess for the block-clamps and achamber for the heads of the bolts; third, to construct the block-clampswith their outer edges convened and provide means for locking the nut ofthe bolt.

The nature of my invention will be fully apparent from the followingspecification and claims:

Figure 1 is a plan of the tie, the rail, clamp, and bolt omitted. Fig. 2is an enlarged view of one end of the tie, showing a rail and one clampand bolt. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section on line 3 4, Fig. 2. Fig. 4is a cross-section on the line 1 2, Fig. 2. Fig. 5 isa crosssection online 5 6, Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is aplan of a rubber locking-piece for themute. Fig. 7 is a plan of a steel locking-piece. Fig. Sis an end view ofthe same. Fig. 9 is a plan of a portion of the tie atthe point indicatedby dotted lines at y, Fig. 1, showing that the sides could becorrugated. Fig. 10 is a side elevation of Fig. 9. Fig. 11 is a sectionof a portion of plate L and projection L, indicated by dotted lines at00, Fig. 3, showing that rivet L is cast upon and is a part ofprojection L.

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

A, Fig. 1, is the tie, which has depending sides A, Figs. 3, 4, and 5,which are connected by the ribs a Fig. 1, and are at an anglewith thetop A (More plainly shown in Fig. 5.) The tie is made straight for anydesired distance from each of its ends toward the center, (indicated inFig. 1 bya a,) from which points the tie is tapered to the center, whereit is narrowest, giving it a form which will allow the dirt placedaround it to secure it from motion orcreepinglengthwiseofthetie. Theribs a? not only strengthen the tie and keep it from spreading, butassist in preventing the tie from creeping. Ata suitable point ordistance from the center of the tie, according to the gage, the top israised near each end, as shown at B B, Fig. 1, and is given a curvedshape. (Shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3.) This gives a bearing for therail 0 and forms the chamber D for the bolt-head e of the bolt E, Figs.3 and 4c. The raised surface B has the recesses F F for the clamps H M,one of which is shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3, the inner edgef ofwhich is concaved and has the opening K to allow the bolt-head e of thebolt E to pass into the chamber D. The said opening K terminates in aslot K to receive thebody of the bolt E, and the two lugs L L dependfrom B to form the sides of the chamber D and have cast upon their loweredge the projections L L, Fig. 3, (shown at L L L L, Fig. 2, in dottedlines, and more plainly in Fig. 11.) These projections are used asrivets to secure the plate L, which is cast with holes to receive theprojections to the lugs L L forming the bottom of the chamber D. Screwscould be used, as shown in Fig. 4; but I prefer the projections L L. Z lare openings into the chamber D to allow the wa ter which may find itsway into the said chamber to escape.

The clamps M M, Figs. 2, 3, and 4:, one of which is shown in dottedlines to allow the recess F, ing 0, and opening K to be shown moreclearly, have their outer edge m convexed to fit the concaved inner edgef of the recess F, and extend below the body of the clamp to givebearing-surface, as shown at m Fig. 3. The clamp M has a hole cast in itfor the bolt E, and also upon its upper surface a ring m, whose innersurface is corrugated or rough, as shown at M Figs. 2 and 3, and forms acircular pocket around said bolt-hole, the upper diameter of which issmaller than its lower diameter, giving it a conical form, Figs. 3 andThe guide-lugs 0 0 0 0, Figs. 2, 3, and 4, are cast upon the surface 13to facilitate the placing of the rails in position.

After the ties have been placed in the ground the rails are laid betweenthe guidelugs, which gives to them their true position withoutmeasurement or trial. The bolts E are or may have been previously placedin position by passing their heads through the opening K into thechamber D, the head 6 resting on the bottom of said chamber, which holdsit in position. Said chamber not only serves to hold the boltsinposition,but keeps them free from dirt. The clamps are then passed overthe bolts and placed in the recesses F F with their convexed edge m incontact with the concaved edge f of the recess F. This allows the clampto adjust itself to anyirregularity, such as a short bend in the rail(3, or where the rails are laid to form a curve in the road. Theopposite end of the clamp rests upon the rail. The nut e of thebolt E isthen screwed on, clamping the rail securely in position. To look the nutto prevent its being jarred loose and in turn loosening the rail, therubber locking-piece P, Fig. 6, is then placed in the recess M alongsideof the nut e, as shown in Fig. 2, which prevents the nut from turning.Said recess being conical, the rubber expands back to its normal sizeafter itis pushed below the upper diameter, which is smaller than thelower one, filling the larger space, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, whichprevents its being displaced or jarred out, thus securely locking thenute on bolt E. The steel locking-piece, Figs. 7 and 8, can be employedin the same manner as shown at m, Fig. 2.

I show rubber and steel for locking-pieces; but wood, vulcanized fiber,or any other suitable material may be employed. I used a clamp in mymetal tie patented August 14, 1883, which was constructed with its outeredge and the inner edge of the recess to receive it on a straight line.This construction is much improved by my curved clamp and recess. Theangular sides A may be corrugated, as shown in Figs. 9 and 10, tofurther strengthen and prevent the movement of the tie.

What I claim as my invention is- 1. The cast tie A, with the raisedsurfaces B B near each of its ends, respectively, said raised surfacesbeing provided with guidelugs o 000 and clamp-recesses F F, with openingK, terminating in slot K and in chamber D and tapering from points a atoward the center,where it is the narrowest, substantially as shown.

2. The cast tie A, with its surface A raised at B B, where it isprovided with guide-lugs 0 0 0 0, clamp-recesses F F,concaved on theirinner edges ff, and the opening K K to allow the passage of bolt-head eof bolt E, said opening terminating in slot K to receive the body ofbolt E, and the depending lugs L L having cast upon their lower edge theriveting projections L L, in combination with the plate L, substantiallyas shown.

3. In a cast tie, the raised surface B B, provided with clamp-recesses FF, having their inner edges fconcaved, opening K to allow bolt-head e topass, terminating in slot K for the body of bolt E, clamp M, having itsconvexed edge at bearing against the concaved surface of edge f ofrecess F, and bolt E with its nut e, in combination with the rail G,substantially as described.

4. In acast tie, the raised surface 13 B, provided with guide-lugs 0 0 o0, clamp-recesses F F, having their inner edge f concaved, opening K toallow bolt-head e to pass, terminating in slot K for the body of thebolt E, with clamp M in recess F, having its convexed edge m bearingagainst the concaved surface of the edgef of recess F, and bolt E withits nut e, in combination with the rail 0, substantially as shown anddescribed.

5. The clamp M, provided with a bolt-hole, having a ring m cast upon itsupper surface, with the inner surface m of said ring corrugated orrough, its upper diameter being smaller than its lower diameter, forminga conical shape, and a circular pocket around said bolt-hole, incombination with thenut e of bolt E and a locking-piece P,substantiallyas shown.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOSEPH L. CHAPMAN.

Witnesses:

CALVIN L. FULTON, JACOB F. GOEHRING.

